LEARNING IN THE WORKING FROM HOME TRANSITION: A MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS OF INDIVIDUAL, TEAM, AND ORGANISATIONAL ADAPTATION

Abstract

The rapid expansion of workfrom- home (WFH) arrangements raises an important question: how does organisational learning travel across individual, team, and organisational levels when work becomes spatially distributed? Drawing on organisational learning and human resource management (HRM) theory, this study examines how individual learning (IL) translates into collective outcomes under WFH conditions. Using survey data from 2,171 employees in Serbia, we analyse the interplay of learning across individual, team, and organisational levels during an abrupt shift to remote work. The findings indicate that learning operates as a multilevel process in which team dynamics act as a critical bridge between individual initiative and organisational adaptation. Individual self-regulation contributes to broader learning only when supported by collaborative teams and enabling organisational structures. Leadership and psychological safety facilitate this cross-level learning, while rigid structures and limited formal systems constrain team and organisational learning. The study contributes empirical insight into multilevel learning during large-scale disruption and highlights the conditions under which individual learning generates collective benefits, particularly in a non-Western, post-socialist context. The findings offer practical implications for designing organisational strategies that support learning in remote and hybrid work environments.